Types of massage
The main and most important mechanism of massage action is revitalization of the nervous system. And through the nerve endings massage impacts on all organs and tissues. Masseur must know massage techniques that can increase or decrease the excitability of the nervous system depending on the initial state of the human body.
During the massage is also accelerating the metabolic processes and stimulation of blood and lymph vessels, which promotes the excretion of metabolic products and excess fluid to relieve venous congestion. Under the action of massage is growing network of small blood vessels, and thus improves blood supply to the skin, subcutaneous tissue, muscle tissue and internal organs.
The variety of species and methods of massage
First of all, massage is divided into therapeutic and hygienic.
Therapeutic massage is appointed to the sick people in order to restore their health and hygienic massage is for prevention objectives for healthy people.
Also there is such a division as hand massage or massage with the help of special equipment.
Hand massage also has several sub-types: classic, segmental-reflex, pinpoint, etc. Massage with the help of special equipment is divided depending on the physical effects on the body by using special equipment: hot stone massage, oscillatory (vibratory), water jet (water massage), etc.
Hand massage
Manual massage consists of four basic techniques: stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration. But since the aim of classic therapeutic massage depends on what the sick person, then the basic techniques have their own helper methods which allow to achieve different effects on the body of the patient.
The basic techniques of hand massage:
- stroking, which is conducted longitudinal, transverse, zigzag, spiral, a circle, depending on the anatomical location of part of the body, stroking – is to prepare the body to another, more intensive methods, it begins and ends a session of massage, hand massage movements usually have a direction along the lymph ways in the direction of nearby lymph nodes, lymph nodes are not affected by massage;
- rubbing – this displacement or stretching of the skin together with subcutaneous fat and muscles in different directions (longitudinal, transverse, a circular, helically, zigzag), this technique can be performed in the course of lymph flow and blood and against him;
- kneading - the skin together with subcutaneous fat and muscle capture retard and compress (squeeze), it increases muscle tone, stimulates blood circulation;
- oscillation (vibration), in which vibrating movements of the hands massage the patient’s tissues are transmitted and distributed to other parts of the body, the vibration is carried out in different ways, depending on the challenges facing the masseur: weak vibration enhances muscle tone and excitability of nerves, severe – reduction these indicators; fluctuation also contributes to dilation of blood vessels, the restoration of altered tissue and speed up metabolism.
One kind of hand massage is a segmental-reflex manual massage, which is based on the fact that the skin and internal organs are connected together by a single innervation, and therefore, acting on a certain area (segment) of the body, you can get some changes in the internal organs. It uses all the basic techniques of hand massage.
Massage with the help of special equipment
There are various devices for carrying out this type of massage:
- using the vibration apparatus having a general or local influence, held vibrotherapeutics;
- influencing the water, hold water massage (combined effects of water jets massage and manipulation), here are underwater shower massage, whirlpool, underwater jet massage brushes, etc.;
- with alternating high and low air pressure in the special aspirator, which is applied to the body of a patient being pnevmomassazh or vacuum massage, this massage can be performed using standard medical banks, which is made by burning the air with burning cotton flame, and then moves on skin.
Preventive massage
A prophylactic or hygienic massage is used in cases where a person is healthy, but you need to quickly restore its capacity to work, which is especially important for athletes. A hygienic and massage for the prevention of various diseases, mainly diseases of musculoskeletal system and nervous system. To perform this type of massage apply the basic techniques of hand massage.
Massage is a highly effective way to impact on the body, so it can perform a medical worker who has special training and a certificate in massage.
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